Brett Henderson
Submitted October 25, 2024

Word Count: 576

Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by subcutaneous nodules, abscesses, draining tracts, and fibrotic scars. While medical treatments such as antibiotics and biologic therapies are commonly used in treatment, lifestyle factors have also been shown to reduce the severity of symptoms. In this post, we will explore how diet, exercise, and smoking can influence the management of HS.

Diet & HS

Research suggests that certain modifications to diet can reduce inflammation in HS and decrease the frequency of flare ups. While there is no specific diet that will cure HS, there is evidence that certain foods can worsen symptoms, while others can improve symptoms.

Foods that can worsen HS symptoms include processed or pre-packaged foods, which can contribute to inflammation. Evidence also suggests that some dairy products, such as skim milk, can worsen flares. Finally, Brewer’s yeast, found in baked goods, fermented items, soy sauce, and alcoholic drinks, can also trigger inflammation in some patients, which in turn may aggravate HS.

To improve symptoms, or reduce the severity of flares, several dietary adjustments can be considered. Following a low glycemic index diet, or a low carbohydrate diet that incorporates whole foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean meat may offer benefit to HS patients.

Before making these adjustments, it is always important to consider the impact that dietary changes can have on your health. Consult a registered dietician if you are looking for more personalized recommendations.

Exercise & HS

Exercise is an important component of a healthy lifestyle. It can offer a variety of health benefits including reducing inflammation and improving mental health, which can be valuable when managing chronic conditions such as HS.

HS lesions can be uncomfortable and painful, which can make it more difficult to incorporate physical activity. Low impact exercises such as swimming, stretching, or yoga can offer health benefits without irritating the skin. It is important to recognize that an exercise routine will look different for everyone and exercise may be harder to incorporate during flares. Wearing exercise clothing that reduces skin friction, managing sweating, and choosing the right form of activity can make exercise more tolerable.

Smoking & HS

Smoking is a known risk factor for developing HS and has been associated with a poorer prognosis compared to non-smokers. Smoking cessation can be challenging due to the addictive nature of nicotine and a variety of psychosocial factors. Quitting requires a great deal of effort, but it can significantly improve overall health and HS prognosis.

There are many supports to help you to reach your goal. Medical options, such as nicotine replacement therapy, can alleviate cravings that commonly occur when quitting. Beyond that, psychological treatments can be used alone or in combination with medical treatments. These include cognitive behavioural therapy, structured support programs, or support groups. With this approach, you can identify factors that may make smoking cessation more difficult for you and work to overcome them. Smoking cessation is one of the best steps that can be taken to manage HS. Smoking cessation can be discussed with your family physician or dermatologist.

Managing HS requires a multifaceted approach that goes beyond medical treatments. Lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes, regular exercise, and smoking cessation can contribute to reducing symptom severity and improving the overall quality of life. Remember that everyone has a different experience with HS, and it may take some trial and error to find the right strategies that work for you.

References

Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation. Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Guide for Patients. Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation, 2022. https://hsfoundation.ca/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Hidradenitis-Suppurativa-ENG-Oct-5-2022-2.pdf.

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